From the mountains to the coast - the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research based in Bremerhaven inherits the World Radiation Monitoring Center, Switzerland

The international archive for radiation data, the World Radiation Monitoring Center (WRMC), provides climate research with high-precision meteorological series of measurements. After a term of fifteen years at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz Association ensures the successful continuity and enhancements of this unique archive. These data serve the monitoring of the climate, the surveillance of anthropological influence on the earth's surface as well as the improvement of climate forecasts.

The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dealt with the compilation of contemporary knowledge on climate research for the first time at the end of the eighties. It was discovered, among other things, that baseline energy conversion of solar radiation as well as thermal radiation of the earth's surface and the clouds were not sufficiently known. A global Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) was demanded to correct this shortcoming. The demands for accuracy concerning these monitoring stations were very high, so that only ten stations worldwide participated in the beginning. Among these were the observatories at the Neumayer Station in the Antarctic as well as the Koldewey Station on Spitsbergen in the Arctic, both run by the Alfred Wegener Institute. In the meantime, 43 monitoring stations worldwide are entering their data into the network.

The core of the World Radiation Monitoring Center (WRMC) is its central data archive. It was developed at the ETHZ under the direction of Prof. Ohmura in 1992 and contains all accompanying meteorological observations, which are necessary for the interpretation of the radiation measurements, available at minute intervals. Among these are vertical profiles of air temperature and humidity gained by means of weather balloons, observations of clouds and cloud heights.

Surface radiation ­ which influences the climate decisively ­ is estimated area-wide by means of satellites. Accuracy is improved by comparison with direct measurements of the World Radiation Monitoring Center.

Climate models rely on procedures which provide baseline radiation, too. These computations of radiation are verified and optimized with the data provided by the World Radiation Monitoring Center. Furthermore, trend analyses are possible by means of these measurements, since some stations have been measuring continually for fifteen years. First results currently point to a slight increase of radiation originating from the sun, most probably as a result of improved politics of air pollution control.

The archive will be officially opened by Dr Gert König-Langlo, meteorologist and director of the WMRC at the Alfred Wegener Institute in the framework of the 10th BSRN workshop from July 7th to 11th in De Bilt, the Netherlands. You can find further information under:
http://www.bsrn.awi.de

The Alfred Wegener Institute carries out research in the Arctic and Antarctic as well as in the high and mid latitude oceans. The institute coordinates German polar research and makes available to international science important infrastructure, e.g. the research icebreaker ³Polarstern² and research stations in the Arctic and Antarctic. AWI is one of 15 research centres within the Helmholtz Association, Germany¹s largest scientific organization.

Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung
in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Communications Dept.
Postfach 12 01 61, 27515 Bremerhaven/Germany
Tel. ++49 471 4831-2008, Fax ++49 471 4831-1389
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